United States History

US12.1.1 Students will describe the key people and events in the exploration of the Americas.
10-SS-12.1.1a Explain the impact the Vikings had on exploration.
10-SS-12.1.1b Recall Henry the Navigatorís influence on exploration.
10-SS-12.1.1c Compare the ideas of Columbus, Balboa and Magellan.
10-SS-12.1.1d Recall key attempts at searching for a Northwest Passage.

US12.1.2 Students will analyze the colonization of the Americas.
10-SS-12.1.2a Explain the importance of the defeat of the Spanish Armada.
10-SS-12.1.2b Explain the origins of New Spain, New France, and New Netherland.
10-SS-12.1.2c Explain the origins of early English settlements in North America.
10-SS-12.1.2d Identify the impact that leaders of England had on the creation of new colonies.
10-SS-12.1.2e Compare and contrast the origins, leaders, and makeup of the original thirteen colonies.

US12.1.3 Students will analyze the interaction between Europeans and Native people caused by exploration and colonization.
10-SS-12.1.3a Identify Spanish Conquistadors and their impact on New Spain.
10-SS-12.1.3b Identify how Native Americans affected early settlement.
10-SS-12.1.3c Describe the impact of the exchange of ideas, foods, plants, animals, and diseases between the New World and the Old World.
10-SS-12.1.3d Label a physical map of the regions and political/cultural maps of those regions at three points in time: prior to exploration/colonization, after exploration/colonization, and at the present time; explain at least one regional change that has occurred.

US12.1.4 Students will describe the key events in the period preceding the American Revolution and evaluate how the actions and policies of the various entities involved resulted in that conflict.
10-SS-12.1.4a Explain why multiple countries valued the Ohio Valley.
10-SS-12.1.4b Identify key events of the French and Indian War and the significance of its outcome.
10-SS-12.1.3c Describe the differing opinions of King George III and early colonial leaders.
10-SS-12.1.3d Explain the importance of Lexington and Concord and other key events leading up to the American Revolution.

US12.1.5 Students will analyze the key issues and events of the American Revolution.
10-SS-12.1.5a Compare the strengths and weaknesses of the Americans and the British.
10-SS-12.1.5b Describe the importance of the Battle of Bunker Hill and other early battles.
10-SS-12.1.5c Explain the impact that Thomas Paine and other writers and speakers had on the colonistsí views on independence and the need for war using primary source documents.
10-SS-12.1.5d Describe the importance of the Declaration of Independence and its role in causing the war to begin.
10-SS-12.1.5e Explain the roles that women had before, during and after the war.
10-SS-12.1.5f Compare and contrast key battles, leaders, and strategies of the Americans and the British.

US12.1.6 Students will analyze the origins and effects of early government on the United States.
10-SS-12.1.6a Explain the importance of the development of early individual state constitutions.
10-SS-12.1.6b Explain the reasons for accepting the Articles of Confederation.
10-SS-12.1.6c Identify key weaknesses of the Articles and the need for change.
10-SS-12.1.6d Identify key people and ideas that influenced the Constitutional Convention.
10-SS-12.1.6e Explain the need for the three branches of government and how its inclusion affected ratification.
10-SS-12.1.6f Describe the creation of political parties and their impact on early government.
10-SS-12.1.6g Explain the need for a Bill of Rights and the Preamble to the Constitution.

US12.1.7 Students will analyze and explain the issue of slavery and its influence on southern culture.
10-SS-12.1.7a Describe the Cotton Kingdom and differing ways of life in the South.
10-SS-12.1.7b Describe the impact of key inventions and how they affected everyday life in the southern United States.
10-SS-12.1.7c Explain how slave laws led to revolts and the creation of the Underground Railroad.
10-SS-12.1.7d Analyze the Dred Scott case and its impact on popular sovereignty.

US12.1.8 Students will analyze key legislation and events that led to the United States Civil War.
10-SS-12.1.8a Analyze key legislation that influenced the creation of new territories and states.
10-SS-12.1.8b Explain popular sovereignty and its role in the development of the West.
10-SS-12.1.8c Compare and contrast the differing views of political parties and their impact on life in the late 1860's.
10-SS-12.1.8d Explain how the election of 1860 and the secession of states from the union were related.
10-SS-12.1.8e Explain how the decisions made at Fort Sumter led to the American Civil War.

US12.1.9 Students will identify events, speeches and documents, strategies, and people that determined the outcome of the United States Civil War.
10-SS-12.1.9a Compare and contrast the lifestyles, governments, generals, and strategies throughout the Civil War.
10-SS-12.1.9b Identify key Civil War battles and explain how their results helped to determine the outcome of the Civil War.
10-SS-12.1.9c Explain how the Emancipation Proclamation influenced the War effort.
10-SS-12.1.9d Analyze the role that African Americans had on the war effort.
10-SS-12.1.9e Explain the importance of the battle of Gettysburg and the Gettysburg Address.
10-SS-12.1.9f Explain the role that General Sherman and his march to the sea had on the South and the final days of the war.

US12.1.10 Students will identify and examine factors in American society during the Reconstruction period following the Civil War.
11-SS-12.1.10a Identify conditions in the postwar South and the resulting problems for Southerners.
11-SS-12.1.10b List improvements for African Americans following the War.
11-SS-12.1.10c Categorize components of the three major Reconstruction plans.
11-SS-12.1.10d Select factors that brought about the end of Reconstruction.

US12.1.11Students will identify the key events during westward expansion and explain its impact.
10-SS-12.1.11a Explain Daniel Booneís and other trailblazersí influence on the westward movement.
10-SS-12.1.11b Identify key aspects of the Land Ordinance 0f 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance.
10-SS-12.1.11c Explain the importance of George Washingtonís political precedents that affected future decisions.
10-SS-12.1.11d Explain the development of the first political parties.
10-SS-12.1.11e Identify key people and reasons for the need to acquire the city of New Orleans and Louisiana.
10-SS-12.1.11f Explain cultural differences between Native Americans and United States citizens as westward movement increased.
10-SS-12.1.11g Explain the concept of Manifest Destiny and the attempts to fulfill it.
10-SS-12.1.11h Explain the movement of differing groups due to religious, political, or economic reasons.
11-SS-12.1.11a Analyze how settlement of the Great Plains changed the way of life for Native Americans.
11-SS-12.1.11b Compare and contrast the economic interests of ranchers and farmers on the Plains.
11-SS-12.1.11c Explain how farmers overcame problems in the Great Plains.

US12.1.12 Students will analyze the Industrial Revolution, describing its effects on the United States' economy and applying skills of geographical and historical analysis to determine the demographic effects as evidenced in historical maps, census data, and other primary and secondary source documents.

10-SS-12.1.12a Explain the origins of the Industrial Revolution.
10-SS-12.1.12b Identify key people and ideas that influenced the Revolution.
10-SS-12.1.12c Explain the factory system and its movement to the United States.
10-SS-12.1.12d Explain early attempts at industry in the United States and its impact of the growth of cities.
10-SS-12.1.12e Explain the need for trade unions.
11-SS-12.1.12a Recall the growth and importance of the railroads.
11-SS-12.1.12b Compare and contrast Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefellerís industries.
11-SS-12.1.12c Analyze the growth of American cities in terms of demographic changes and resulting problems.
11-SS-12.1.12d Explain changes in child labor, working conditions, and the rise of organized labor.
11-SS-12.1.12e Select reasons people immigrated to the United States, the obstacles they faced, and the contributions they made.
11-SS-12.1.12f Analyze the impact of immigration on labor supply.
11-SS-12.1.12g Explain how the industrial revolution influenced American cultural life.

US12.1.13 Students will describe Americaís imperialist policies in the late 1800's using examples from speeches and writings of the time.
11-SS-12.1.13a Summarize examples of Americaís foreign policy switch from isolationism to imperialism.
11-SS-12.1.13b Place facts regarding United States involvement in the Spanish-American War and its impact on society on a timeline.
11-SS-12.1.13c Give examples of foreign policy under Theodore Rooseveltís motto, "Speak softly and carry a big stick."

US12.1.14 Student will analyze and explain the Progressive Movement.
11-SS-12.1.14a Explain the social effects of Progressivism by analyzing the improvements in education, government, and living conditions.
11-SS-12.1.14b Analyze the progress made for consumers, women, and children.
11-SS-12.1.14c Summarize muckraking literature and the rise of the Progressive movement.
11-SS-12.1.14d Describe womenís suffrage and temperance movements and their impact on society.
11-SS-12.1.14e List the groups who were not helped by the Progressive movement, and explain why this was the case.
11-SS-12.1.14f Evaluate the effectiveness of Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and William Taft as progressive reformers, comparing and contrasting their methods.

US12.1.15 Students will analyze the causes, key events, and effects of World War I.
11-SS-12.1.15a Explain the causes of World War I.
11-SS-12.1.15b Describe the events that pulled the United States into World War I.
11-SS-12.1.15c Give examples of how World War I impacted civilians in the United States.
11-SS-12.1.15d List the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.

US12.1.16 Students will describe key people and events of the 1920s.
11-SS-12.1.16a Match events to the presidencies of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge.
11-SS-12.1.16b Explain how the automobile changed American society.
11-SS-12.1.16c Describe the changes in womenís lives in the 1920s.
11-SS-12.1.16d Research and report on the life and influence of a selected person from the 1920s.

US12.1.17 Students will analyze the causes, keys events, and effects of the Great Depression period.
11-SS-12.1.17a Explain the causes and effects of farm failures and unemployment.
11-SS-12.1.17b Explain the causes and effects of the stock market crash.
11-SS-12.1.17c Describe the impact of the Great Depression on the American people.
11-SS-12.1.17d List New Deal programs and explain their impact on American society.

US12.1.18 Students will analyze the causes and effects of World War II.
11-SS-12.1.18a Describe the rise of aggression and totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, and Japan and the response of Europe and the United States.
11-SS-12.1.18b Describe the impact of the war in the United States.
11-SS-12.1.18c Summarize some of the major battles, military turning points, and key strategic decisions of the war.
11-SS-12.1.18d Explain the Holocaust and its impact.
11-SS-12.1.18e Match world leaders of the time with their nations.
11-SS-12.1.18f Identify historical quotations by source.

US12.1.19 Students will analyze and explain United States foreign policy since World War II and its impact on American society.
11-SS-12.1.19a Analyze the origins of the Cold War.
11-SS-12.1.19b Describe McCarthyism and the fear of communist influence within the United States.
11-SS-12.1.19c Explain strategic and economic factors in Middle East policy.
11-SS-12.1.19d Analyze the confrontations between the United States and the Soviet Union in Berlin and Cuba.
11-SS-12.1.19e Explain NATO and the United Nations and the United Statesí role in each.
11-SS-12.1.19f Summarize the military conflicts in Korea, Vietnam, and the Middle East.
11-SS-12.1.19g Analyze the impact of the Vietnam War on American society.

US12.1.20 Students will evaluate developments in federal civil rights and federal voting rights after World War II.
11-SS-12.1.20a Describe the Brown v. Board of Education decision and its impact on education and the nation overall.
11-SS-12.1.20b Describe civil rights demonstrations and related activities leading to desegregation of public accommodations, transportation, and education.
11-SS-12.1.20c List and tell the importance of influential United States civil rights leaders.
11-SS-12.1.20d Explain how gains in civil rights helped various groups in America.

US12.1.21 Students will analyze domestic policy issues since World War II.
11-SS-12.1.21a Analyze the changes in the defense and space programs.
11-SS-12.1.21b Describe the Watergate situation and its importance in American history.
11-SS-12.1.21c Describe the energy crisis of the 1970s.
11-SS-12.1.21d Analyze the political decisions of the 1980s.

12.2World History
WH12.2.1 Students will compare and contrast the origins of civilizations in Mesopotamia and India.
9-SS-12.2.1a Identify key elements of Sumerian culture.
9-SS-12.2.1b Identify key elements of Akkadian culture.
9-SS-12.2.1c Explain the influence that Hammurabi had on Babylonia.
9-SS-12.2.1d Locate key geographical features of Mesopotamia and India and explain how geography influenced each culture.
9-SS-12.2.1e Explain the origins of early kingdoms and empires in Mesopotamia and India.
9-SS-12.2.1f Compare and contrast early religions of Mesopotamia and India.
9-SS-12.2.1g Label physical maps of the regions and political/cultural maps of the regions at three points in time: early civilization, 1000 A.D., and the present; explain at least one regional change that has occurred.

WH12.2.2 Students will analyze the patterns of social, cultural, economic and political changes throughout early Greek civilizations.
9-SS-12.2.2a Explain the origins of civilization in early Greece.
9-SS-12.2.2b Compare and contrast the Minoan and Mycenean civilizations and their impact on the region.
9-SS-12.2.2c Analyze the importance of the Iliad, the Odyssey, and other literary works of that time and region.
9-SS-12.2.2d Identify key elements of the polis and its impact on growth.
9-SS-12.2.2e Compare and contrast early city-states, Sparta and Athens.
9-SS-12.2.2f Identify key military and political leaders and their impact on civilization, including Alexander the Great.
9-SS-12.2.2g Identify the lasting ideas of the Greek philosophers.

WH12.2.3 Students will analyze the patterns of social, cultural, economic, and political changes throughout early Roman civilizations.
9-SS-12.2.3a Label important geographical features of the Roman Empire.
9-SS-12.2.3b Compare and contrast early civilizations of the region (Latins, Etruscans).
9-SS-12.2.3c List the key effects of the Punic Wars.
9-SS-12.2.3d Identify the key leaders and their roles in the first and second triumvirate.
9-SS-12.2.3e Identify key aspects of the Roman Empire.
9-SS-12.2.3f Identify cultural advances that led to an improved society.
9-SS-12.2.3g Explain the influence of the Church in the Roman Empire.

WH12.2.4 Students will identify factors that influenced Medieval Europe
9-SS-12.2.4a Describe the culture and political structure of the Byzantine Empire
9-SS-12.2.4b Compare and contrast various Frankish Rulers and their impact on the world
9-SS-12.2.4c Analyze the patterns of social, cultural, economic, and political aspects of feudalism
9-SS-12.2.4d Identify the church's role in society.
9-SS-12.2.4e Explain the impact that the Crusades had on Europe.
9-SS-12.2.4f Identify key literary figures of the era
9-SS-12.2.4g Describe how church reform influenced a differing society.

WH12.2.5 Students will analyze the historical developments of the Renaissance and Reformation.
9-SS-12.2.5a Identify the geographical features of Renaissance Europe.
9-SS-12.2.5b Identify key achievements in the arts and literature during the Renaissance.
9-SS-12.2.5c Analyze the impact of Martin Luther
9-SS-12.2.5d Explain the impact of Henry VIII on religion and politics
9-SS-12.2.5e Explain the need for reform of the Catholic church

WH12.2.6 Students will compare and contrast European conflict over power to rule between 1500 and 1800.
9-SS-12.2.6a Explain the role of the Hapsburgs in Spain
9-SS-12.2.6b Explain the role of the Tudors in England
9-SS-12.2.6c Explain the role of the Bourbons in France.
9-SS-12.2.6d Explain the role of the Frederick II in Germany.
9-SS-12.2.6e Explain the role of the Romanovs in Russia.

WH12.2.7 Students will analyze the historical developments of the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions.
9-SS12.2.7a Explain the impact of Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler.
9-SS-12.2.7b Compare and contrast new fields of scientific study
9-SS-12.2.7c Explain the contributions of political leaders of the times
9-SS12.2.7d Identify key advances in technology
9-SS-12.2.7e Explain the factory system and its effects on society

WH12.2.8 Students will analyze the historical developments of both the French and English Revolutions
9-SS-12.2.8a Compare and contrast divisions in society in France and England
9-SS-12.2.8b Explain how the lower classes were able to gain power
9-SS-12.2.8c Analyze the patterns of social, cultural, economic, and political changes
9-SS-12.2.8d Explain Napolean's influence on Europe.
9-SS-12.2.8e Identify major factors leading to civil war in England.
9-SS-12.2.8f Explain England's struggle with its colonies worldwide.

WH12.2.9 Students will compare and contrast the patterns of social, cultural, economic and political changes in Africa from 1500 to the present.
9-SS-12.2.9a Identify which countries had the most influence in Africa.
9-SS-12.2.9b Identify key geographical features.
9-SS-12.2.9c Analyze the effects of the slave trade.
9-SS-12.2.9d Analyze current political and social issues in Africa in terms of their historical roots.
9-SS-12.2.9e Label a physical map of the region and political/cultural maps of the region at three points in time: early civilization, after colonization, and the present; explain at least one regional change that has occurred.

WH12.2.10 Students will analyze the origins and effects of World War I.
9-SS-12.2.10a Describe the impact that Imperialism presented in the 1900's
9-SS-12.2.10b Summarize the political, social, and economic changes that occurred in Europe and the United States.
9-SS-12.2.10c Compare and contrast the impact that various countries had on the war.
9-SS-12.2.10d Analyze the causes and effects of World War I.

WH12.2.11 Students will analyze the origins and effects of World War II.
9-SS-12.2.11a Describe the rise of, and aggression of, totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, and Japan.
9-SS-12.2.11b Summarize the rise of Fascism, Nazism, and Communism in the 1930's and 1940's
9-SS-12.2.11c Summarize the major battles, military turning points, and key strategic decisions.
9-SS-12.2.11d Explain the Holocaust and its aftermath, including its impact on Europe and the Middle East.
9-SS-12.2.11e Describe the reshaping of the United States' role in world affairs after the war.
9-SS-12.2.11f Summarize the major changes in Eastern Europe, China, Southeast Asia, and Africa following the war.

12.3 Government and Economies of the United States and Nebraska
GOV12.3.1 Students will analyze historical forms of democratic governments that influenced the U.S. Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.1a Analyze how the democracies that existed in ancient Greece and Rome influenced American government.
12-SS-12.3.1b Identify how the political ideas of the Enlightenment affected the founders of the United States.
12-SS-12.3.1c Describe how the constitutional monarchy that existed in Great Britain influenced the American colonies.
12-SS-12.3.1d Identify characteristics of government in early American colonies.

GOV12.3.2 Students will analyze significant United States government documents to identify fundamental U.S. political principles.
12-SS-12.3.2a Explain John Lockeís social contract theory and its impact on the Declaration of Independence.
12-SS-12.3.2b Identify the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, how the Constitution remedied these problems, and the parts of the Articles that carried through to the Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.2c Summarize and evaluate the importance of key principles of American government such as sovereignty, separation of powers, checks and balances, federalism, limited government, republicanism, and democracy.

GOV12.3.3 Students will analyze the impact of landmark Supreme Court interpretations of the U.S. Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.3a Describe how Marbury v. Madison and McCulloch v. Maryland affected the ways in which we interpret the Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.3b Explain outcomes of past cases and predict outcomes of present and/or future cases based on knowledge of the Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.3c Present arguments of significant, influential cases in the past.
12-SS-12.3.3d Choose and defend the three most important Supreme Court cases which protect our civil liberties.

GOV12.3.4 Students will identify and examine amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.4a Chart the procedures for approval of Constitutional amendments.
12-SS-12.3.4b List the first ten amendments to the Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.4c Evaluate the relative importance of selected amendments.
12-SS-12.3.4d Compare and contrast the U.S. Constitution and the Nebraska State Constitution.

GOV12.3.5 Students will analyze fundamental concepts of democracy in the United States including their rights and responsibilities as citizens.
12-SS-12.3.5a Explain the purposes of government as outlined in the Preamble of the Constitution.
12-SS-12.3.5b Explain equality of all citizens under the law, worth and dignity of the individual, majority rule and minority rights, necessity of compromise, and individual freedoms.
12-SS-12.3.5c Analyze the relative importance of individual rights and public interests.
12-SS-12.3.5d Debate the relative importance of freedom of the press and a personís right to a fair trial.

GOV12.3.6 Students will analyze the structure and function of the U.S. national government and its relationship to state government.
12-SS-12.3.6a Chart the basic law-making process.
12-SS-12.3.6b Identify how political parties, interest groups, the media, individuals, and government institutions influence public policy and public opinion.
12-SS-12.3.6c Describe the role of the federal government in relation to state and local governments.
12-SS-12.3.6d Describe the organization and authority of each branch and explain the interaction between the three branches of government.

GOV12.3.7 Students will analyze the structure and function of Nebraska and local governments.
12-SS-12.3.7a Describe the organization and authority of each branch of government at the state level, comparing and contrasting it with local government.
12-SS-12.3.7b Explain the procedure for amending the state constitution.
12-SS-12.3.7c Compare Nebraskaís unicameral with a bicameral form of government.
12-SS-12.3.7d Identify fundamental political principles in the Nebraska constitution.
12-SS-12.3.7e Describe the process of bringing and resolving criminal and civil cases under Nebraskaís judicial system.

GOV12.3.8 Students will describe and explain election processes at the national level.
12-SS-12.3.8a Explain the nomination procedures of candidates for elected offices.
12-SS-12.3.8b Use resources to identify the important characteristics and policy stances of the major political parties.
12-SS-12.3.8c Identify the reasons for high or low voter turnout.
12-SS-12.3.8d Analyze how money influences elections.
12-SS-12.3.8e Identify the influence of media coverage, campaign advertising, public opinion polls, and the use of propaganda techniques in elections.
12-SS-12.3.8f Evaluate the necessity of the Electoral College.

GOV12.3.9 Students will compare (orally and in writing) the United States political and economic systems with those of other major nations.
12-SS-12.3.9a Compare the structures, functions, and powers of various world political and economic systems with those of the United States.
12-SS-12.3.9b Compare the relationship between political and economic freedoms.
12-SS-12.3.9c Compare the rights and responsibilities of the governed in other nations with those in the United States.

GOV12.3.10 Students will analyze the role of the United States government in the national and global economy.
12-SS-12.3.10a Analyze the governmentís role in the United States economy and how it takes in and spends money.
12-SS-12.3.10b Explain the interrelationship of producers, consumers, and government in the U.S. economic system.
12-SS-12.3.10c Evaluate the impact of fiscal policy.
12-SS-12.3.10d Identify international trade policies and the United Statesí relationship to the global economy.

GOV12.3.11 Students will analyze current national and international issues using credible, reliable sources of information and identifying the geographical and cultural components which provide background knowledge for both understanding the current issues and predicting the effects of various possible courses of action.
12-SS-12.3.11a Identify important issues which will be affected by current or future governmental laws or policies.
12-SS-12.3.11b Identify different points of view on an issue and a list of the arguments to support each.
12-SS-12.3.11c Justify a personal opinion about a current event topic using researched facts from credible, reliable sources.
12-SS-12.3.11d Predict the effect of domestic and foreign policy on national and world affairs.

Students will analyze how selected physical and ecological processes impact the earth's surface.
(Assess in Science, using the following standards and objectives):

Science
12.7.5 Students will develop an understanding of natural and human-induced hazards.
10-S-12.7.5 Describe how human activities increase or reduce the potential for hazards.
12.7.2 Students will develop an understanding of the effects of population change.
10-S-12.7.2a Identify causes of population growth and decline.
10-S-12.7.2b Predict how population change may impact resource use and environments.

12.7.3 Students will develop an understanding of natural resources.
9-S-12.7.3 Describe the limitations of natural systems to renew and recycle resources.
10-S-12.7.3 Explain how human populations use environmental resources to maintain and improve their existence.